{"id":6749,"date":"2020-06-24T09:34:49","date_gmt":"2020-06-24T05:34:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/llb-secondaire.blog\/?p=6749"},"modified":"2020-06-24T09:34:49","modified_gmt":"2020-06-24T05:34:49","slug":"36eme-olympiades-de-chimie-le-bioplastique-ou-lart-de-se-reinventer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/secondary.llbinternationalschool.mu\/blog\/2020\/06\/24\/36eme-olympiades-de-chimie-le-bioplastique-ou-lart-de-se-reinventer\/","title":{"rendered":"36\u00e8me OLYMPIADES DE CHIMIE : Le Bioplastique, ou l’art de se r\u00e9inventer"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nous sommes 5 \u00e9l\u00e8ves de\u00a0Premi\u00e8re<\/span>, Dooshina Oolun, Kaveesh Naggea, Ritchi Tatayah, William Liu Man Hin, Chloe Vaudin et Mei Ah Sui,\u00a0et<\/span>\u00a0en novembre dernier nous avons d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de participer avec notre professeur de chimie M. Vigner au concours \u00ab Parlons Chimie \u00bb des 36\u00e8me Olympiades de Chimie. Nous devions mener une enqu\u00eate sur une application de chimie dans notre contexte r\u00e9gional.<\/span>\u00a0Notre sujet ?<\/span>\u00a0Le bioplastique.<\/span>\u00a0Nous<\/span>\u00a0nous pr\u00e9parons donc pour la derni\u00e8re \u00e9tape, la pr\u00e9sentation de notre dossier devant un jury de chimistes et\u00a0d`industriels<\/span>\u00a0par visioconf\u00e9rence.<\/span>\u00a0Zoom sur notre projet !<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Nous avons choisi d’\u00e9tudier les\u00a0bioplastiques, car cela nous permettait de nous int\u00e9resser aux probl\u00e8mes environnementaux actuels et en particulier celui de la pollution par le\u00a0plastique.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0Le projet \u00ab\u00a0The Ocean Cleanup\u00a0\u00bb, tr\u00e8s m\u00e9diatis\u00e9, nous a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 l’ampleur de la pollution par le plastique.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

En effet, le\u00a0bioplastique<\/span>\u00a0repr\u00e9sente une v\u00e9ritable alternative au plastique\u00a0traditionnel :<\/span><\/span>\u00a0il est\u00a0biosourc\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0et biod\u00e9gradable, peut notamment \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 pour les emballages, et poss\u00e8de des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s modulables.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>
\nDans le cadre de ce\u00a0projet, nous\u00a0avons pu nous rendre au Mauritius Sugarcane Industry Research Institute\u00a0(MSIRI<\/span>)<\/span>\u00a0pour rencontrer des biochimistes qui travaillent \u00e0 la conception d\u2019un\u00a0bioplastique<\/span>\u00a0\u00e0 base de paille de cannes \u00e0 sucre :<\/span>\u00a0cette paille\u00a0est ferment\u00e9e\u00a0par des bact\u00e9ries de type Ralstonia Eutropha<\/span>\u00a0qui produisent les polym\u00e8res\u00a0(le\u00a0polyhydroxybutyrate<\/span>, ou PHB)<\/span>\u00a0afin de stocker le carbone et l’\u00e9nergie en\u00a0l’absence<\/span>\u00a0de certains nutriments.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ces polym\u00e8res, pr\u00e9sents sous forme de granules\u00a0intracytoplasmiques<\/span>, sont extraits gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des solvants\u00a0(chloroforme puis m\u00e9thanol)<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Aussi\u00a0avons-nous appris que ce\u00a0bioplastique<\/span>\u00a0est synth\u00e9tis\u00e9 dans le cadre d’une premi\u00e8re phase pilote, et qu’il serait \u00e9ventuellement produit \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle\u00a0en Australie<\/span>\u00a0en collaboration avec l’Universit\u00e9 du Queensland pour \u00eatre enfin commercialis\u00e9 pour des usages pharmaceutiques\u00a0(fils\u00a0r\u00e9sorbables etc.<\/span>)<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ce<\/span>\u00a0mat\u00e9riau est ainsi une solution non seulement \u00e9cologique pour Maurice mais aussi\u00a0\u00e9conomique.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La crise du secteur sucrier exige une diversification des\u00a0activit\u00e9s !<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Un de nos objectifs principaux est\u00a0d`insuffler<\/span>\u00a0l\u2019id\u00e9e que la Chimie, au-del\u00e0 d\u2019une simple mati\u00e8re scolaire, peut devenir un v\u00e9ritable moyen de parvenir \u00e0 nos fins .<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Maints cris d\u2019alarme\u00a0ont \u00e9t\u00e9 lanc\u00e9s par le pass\u00e9, par les jeunes et pour les jeunes\u00a0(on pense notamment\u00a0\u00e0 Severn\u00a0Cullis-Suzuki en 1992 au sommet de la Terre \u00e0\u00a0Rio<\/span>)<\/span>, et plus r\u00e9cemment par le projet \u00ab\u00a0The<\/span> Ocean Cleanup\u00a0\u00bb dans le Pacifique et le mouvement Greta Thunberg, mais ils ne semblent pas avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 entendus.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

Du moins, il reste \u00e0 trouver des solutions concr\u00e8tes et viables !<\/span>\u00a0C\u2019est\u00a0dans cette optique que nous avons r\u00e9alis\u00e9 une courte vid\u00e9o de sensibilisation sur le\u00a0bioplastique<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nous avons pens\u00e9 que les jeunes tels que nous seraient plus r\u00e9ceptifs.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Bien que\u00a0frein\u00e9s<\/span>\u00a0par le Covid-19 et le confinement, cette pand\u00e9mie a confort\u00e9 la pertinence du\u00a0bioplastique<\/span>\u00a0et nous a, dans un sens, motiv\u00e9s davantage, puisque que la fabrication de divers objets \u00e0 base de plastique\u00a0(masques, gants, flacons de gel hydro-alcoolique, \u2026.)<\/span>\u00a0a explos\u00e9 ces derniers temps, accusant notre d\u00e9pendance au plastique conventionnel !<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
Notre \u00e9quipe au MSIRI, et M. Gunshiam Umrit (centre), responsable du d\u00e9partement de recherches<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Texte : Ritchi TATAYAH, Kaveesh NAGGEA<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nous sommes 5 \u00e9l\u00e8ves de\u00a0Premi\u00e8re, Dooshina Oolun, Kaveesh Naggea, Ritchi Tatayah, William Liu Man Hin, Chloe Vaudin et Mei Ah Sui,\u00a0et\u00a0en novembre dernier nous avons d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de participer avec notre professeur de chimie M. Vigner au concours \u00ab Parlons Chimie … Continuer de lire 36\u00e8me OLYMPIADES DE CHIMIE : Le Bioplastique, ou l’art de se r\u00e9inventer<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6752,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6749","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-llb"],"yoast_head":"\n36\u00e8me OLYMPIADES DE CHIMIE : Le Bioplastique, ou l'art de se r\u00e9inventer - Le blog du secondaire<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/secondary.llbinternationalschool.mu\/blog\/2020\/06\/24\/36eme-olympiades-de-chimie-le-bioplastique-ou-lart-de-se-reinventer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"36\u00e8me OLYMPIADES DE CHIMIE : Le Bioplastique, ou l'art de se r\u00e9inventer - Le blog du secondaire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nous sommes 5 \u00e9l\u00e8ves de\u00a0Premi\u00e8re, Dooshina Oolun, Kaveesh Naggea, Ritchi Tatayah, William Liu Man Hin, Chloe Vaudin et Mei Ah Sui,\u00a0et\u00a0en novembre dernier nous avons d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de participer avec notre professeur de chimie M. 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